15 Contoh Soal Materi tentang Explanation Text dan Kunci Jawabannya

Read the following text to answer questions number 1 to 4.

Recycling is the collection, processing, and reuse of materials that would otherwise be thrown away. Materials ranging from precious metals to broken glass, from old newspapers to plastic spoons, can be recycled. The recycling process reclaims the original material and uses it in new products.

In general, using recycled materials to make new products costs less and requires less energy than using new materials. Recycling can also reduce pollution, either by reducing the demand for high-pollution alternatives or minimizing the pollution produced during the manufacturing process.

Paper products that can be recycled include cardboard containers, wrapping paper, and office paper. The most commonly recycled paper product is newsprint. In newspaper recycling, old newspapers are collected and searched for contaminants such as plastic bags and aluminum foil. The paper goes to a processing plant where it is mixed with hot water and turned into pulp in a machine that works much like a big kitchen blender.

The pulp is screened and filtered to remove smaller contaminants. The pulp then goes to a large vat where the ink separates from the paper fibers and floats to the surface. The ink is skimmed off, dried, and reused as ink or burned as boiler fuel. The cleaned pulp is mixed with new wood fibers to be made into paper again.

Experts estimate the average office worker generates about 5 kg of wastepaper per month. Every ton of paper that is recycled saves about 1.4 cu m (about 50 cu ft) of landfill space. One ton of recycled paper saves 17 pulpwood trees (trees used to produce paper).

1. The following things can be recycled, except ...

A. Precious metals

B. Broken glass

C. Old newspapers

D. Fresh vegetables and fruits

2. Which of the following is not the benefit of recycling?

A. It costs a lot of money for the process of recycling.

B. It costs less to make new products.

C. It requires less energy.

D. It reduces the demand for high-pollution alternatives.

3. What is the third step of recycling paper products?

A. Collect and search for contaminants such as plastic bags and aluminum foil.

B. Mix the paper with hot water in a blender which turns it into pulp.

C. Screen and filter the pulp to remove smaller contaminants.

D. Put the pulp into a large vat to separate the ink from the paper fibers.

4. We can make use of the ink after being separated from the paper fibers by doing the followings, except ...

A. Skim it off

B. Dry it

C. Reuse as ink

D. Mix it with the pulp

The following text is for questions 5 to 8.

Tsunami

A tsunami occurs when a major fault under the ocean floor suddenly slips. The displaced rock pushes water above it like a giant paddle, producing powerful water waves at the ocean surface. The ocean waves spread out from the vicinity of the earthquake source and move across the ocean until they reach the coastline, where their height increases as they reach the continental shelf, the part of the earth's crust that slopes, or rises, from the ocean floor up to the land.

A tsunami washes ashore with often disastrous effects such as severe flooding, loss of lives due to drowning, and damage to property.

A tsunami is a very large sea wave that is generated by a disturbance along the ocean floor. This disturbance can be an earthquake, a landslide, or a volcanic eruption. A tsunami is undetectable far out in the ocean, but once it reaches shallow water, this fast-traveling wave grows very large.

5. Tsunami happens because ...

A. The displaced rock pushes water above it.

B. A significant fault under the ocean floor slips suddenly.

C. The ocean waves spread out from the vicinity of the source.

D. The waves move across the ocean until they reach the beach.

6. What are the impacts of tsunamis?

A. The part of the Earth's crust that slopes, or rises, from the ocean floor down to the land.

B. A tsunami washes ashore with often disastrous effects such as flooding and loss of lives.

C. A tsunami is a very large sea wave that is not generated by a disturbance along the ocean floor.

D. A tsunami is detectable far out in the ocean.

7. We understand from the text that tsunami ...

A. Causes the movement of the earth.

B. Forms a new shape of the coastline.

C. Makes unfortunate events.

D. Rises a new coastal land.

8. "... producing powerful water waves at the ocean surface." The synonym of the underlined word is ...

A. Fast

B. Deep

C. Quick

D. Strong

The following text is for questions 9 to 12.

All human beings eat food and use the chemical energy in it, as do all other animals. Perhaps you wonder where all that chemical energy comes from. Why doesn't the food all get used up?

The answer is that new food is being grown as fast as old food is used. It is the green plants that form the new food. Animals either eat the plants or eat other animals that have eaten plants.

The green substance of plants is chlorophyll. Chlorophyll can absorb sunlight. When it does so, it changes the energy of the sun into chemical energy. The chemical energy present in sunlit chlorophyll is used to combine dioxide in the air with water from the soil. Starch and other complicated compounds are formed. These are high in chemical energy obtained from the sunlit chlorophyll.

They make up the food on which mankind and all other animals live. In the process of forming this food, some oxygen atoms are left over. These are given off into the air by the plants. The whole process is called photosynthesis.

Thus, plants use sunlight to form food and oxygen to form carbon dioxide and water again. Plants change the sun’s energy into chemical energy. And animals change the animal energy into kinetic and heat energy.

9. The text is about ...

A. The process of changing chemical energy.

B. The formation of carbon dioxide.

C. The green substance of plants.

D. The process of photosynthesis.

10. What will happen when chlorophyll absorbs sunlight? It will ...

A. Change heat into kinetic energy.

B. Form complicated compound.

C. Make use of heat energy.

D. Change the sun's energy into chemical energy.

11. From the text we know that ...

A. Plants need to heat energy to live.

B. All human beings need chemical energy.

C. Plants absorb sunlight to produce kinetic energy.

D. Chlorophyll is the most important thing in photosynthesis.

12. The green substance of plants is chlorophyll. The underlined word is closest in meaning to ...

A. Core

B. Body

C. Stuff

D. Essence

The following text is for questions 13 to 15.

Silkworms live for only two or three days after laying eggs. About 36,000 to 50,000 eggs are laid, and these are carefully stored at the silkworm farm until they are ready to hatch. The eggs hatch into caterpillars, which feed on mulberry leaves. Soon, the caterpillars are ready to spin their cocoons.

Not all caterpillars can spin silk cocoons. Only the caterpillars of a silkworm moth known as ‘Bombyx Marie can do the such spinning. This caterpillar has special glands which secrete liquid silk through its lower lip. The liquid produced later hardens to form tine strands.

The caterpillar makes its cocoons using these strands. The threads on the outside of the cocoon are rough, while those inside are soft and smooth.

Some fully-spun cocoons are heated. This kills the pupa inside. The cocoons are then put into hot water to loosen the fine threads. Finally, these threads are reeled off the cocoons.

The length of unbroken thread produced by a single cocoon measures about one-and-a-half kilometers. Being twisted together several of these threads make single woven materials.

13. What is the purpose of the text ...

A. To persuade readers to buy silk.

B. To put silk into different categories.

C. To entertain readers with knowledge.

D. To describe how silk comes into existence.

14. How are the threads on the outside of the cocoon ...

A. Fine

B. Soft

C. Rough

D. Strong

15. What are mulberry leaves for ...

A. Feeding caterpillars

B. Spinning cocoons

C. Storing threads

D. Hatching eggs

1. D

2. D

3. C

4. D

5. B

6. B

7. C

8. D

9. A

10. D

11. B

12. D

13. D

14. C

15. A

Sumber: Itapuih, Englishadmin

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